Avoid being accused of plagiarism, which includes copying another’s work, paraphrasing or summarising without acknowledgement, colluding with others and presenting either identical or very similar essays

What does referencing include?

A. In-text citations, which could take three forms:

Paraphrasing, in which you keep consitently the author’s >B that is original. A reference list in the end of one’s essay, which include details such as for example:

• Author(s)
• Date of publication
• Title
• Publisher and place of publication (for books)
• Journal name, volume and issue (for journals)
• Internet address or doi (digital object >
  Referencing is integral to academic essay writing and really shouldn’t be viewed as an ‘add-on’. You ensure 100% accuracy when you are referencing, always use a referencing guide to help.</td>

Normally, when writing an essay at university you will be expected to only use academic sources. The following learning guide on source credibility will help you determine whether an external source is academic or otherwise not.

The APA is used by the chocolate essay style of referencing, which will be easy to distinguish through the Harvard Author-Date System, once the format is different:

try to achieve a balance between both types of in text-references in your essay writing.

Reference list

In the APA model of referencing, the reference list has certain conventions that you need to also follow. Here are some examples from the essay that is chocolate

Don’t make referencing something you will do in the same way an editing or proofreading activity. Include your citations that are in-text reference list in your first draft.

An website that is excellent help with your APA referencing may be the APA Interactive tool at Massey University.

Leave yourself sufficient time to look at your essay more than once. For a 1000 word essay you’ll need at the least three days to redraft your essay.

Always save each draft as a separate file; then you can certainly see how your essay develops and improves.

Here you will find the kinds of questions you really need to think about:

You can even look at other checklists similar to this one on editing your own work.

Let’s see how the composer of the chocolate essay redrafted their original introduction:

Now compare the aforementioned with the final draft:

Since Spanish explorers cut back chocolate through the new world, chocolate consumption happens to be a phenomenon that is worldwide. A derivative of the cacao bean, was consumed as a drink, only later achieving mass popularity in tablet or bar form at first, chocolate. However, chocolate’s popularity that is inherent not equate to it possessing healthy properties, as suggested because of the title. The realities of chocolate tend to be more down to earth; a true number of those realities is going to be addressed in this article. Chocolate has chemical properties that will influence mood and there’s possible evidence for some positive impacts of chocolate on cardiovascular health. Yet, such positive attributes are counterbalanced somewhat by the argument that, in certain instances, chocolate can be viewed a drug rather than a food. Moreover, there is the chance of some correlation between over-consumption of obesity and chocolate. Thus, it should be argued that despite chocolate’s effect that is positive some cases on mood additionally the cardiovascular system it has in addition been associated with addiction and obesity.

Take your time and be careful when redrafting—it shall be worth it!

How will you write in an academic way?

Your lecturers would want to hear your ‘voice’ because they read your essay.

Imagine your essay as a kind of story. You might be the principal storyteller, the internal voice for the writer, leading your reader through to your conclusion.

Throughout the whole story, you will find different voices that appear from time to time. These are the external voices (citations) that add substance to your story, providing detail and support for just what you may be saying or even giving an alternative perspective. The external voices could be divided into two categories in your essay: the direct external voice of an author (through a quote that is direct in addition to indirect external voice of an author (through a paraphrase).

The reader needs to know after all right times whose voice they’ve been hearing. Will it be your voice that is internal or external voice of other authors?

You may wonder tips on how to include your very own voice but still sound academic when you are currently talking about a subject area in that you’ve little (or no) knowledge. Together with your voice doesn’t mean that you ought to say ‘I think’ or ‘in my opinion’.

Below are a few examples of the critical/analytical language you present other people’s ideas that you can use as your own internal voice when:

While you are drafting your paragraphs, use a colour-coding system like the only used here. It will help you make sure your academic voice is clear!

You will gradually expand the language of your try the website critical internal voice when you get more confident in using external sources. The Phrasebank website at Manchester University provides samples of some more expressions to use when assessing external sources.

Editing is targeted on the big picture elements such as for instance overall structure, appropriate paragraphing and whether the question happens to be answered.

Proofreading has a micro-focus on the information of your essay, such as for instance formatting, grammar and punctuation.

Everybody has their very own personal type of editing and proofreading. You need to focus on the types of errors you make by looking commonly in the marker’s comments in your previous work.

Some individuals proofread alone; some get other people involved. Having others involved is a really good notion.